Plenty of dark matter near the Sun

Astronomers at the University of Zurich, the ETH Zurich, the University of Leicester and NAOC Beijing have originated large Amounts of invisible "dark matter" near the Sun. Their results are reliable With the Theory That the Milky Way Galaxy is surrounded by a massive "halo" of dark matter, but this is the first study of its kind to use a ridicule method rigorously tested against high quality data from simulations.

The authors also find tantalizing hints of a new dark matter component in our Galaxy. The team's results will be published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Dark matter was first proposed by the Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky in the 1930s. That I have found clusters of Galaxies Were filled with a mysterious dark matter that kept them from flying apart. At nearly the same time, Jan Oort in the Netherlands discovered that the density of matter near the Sun was nearly twice what could be explained by the Presence of stars and gas alone. In the intervening decades, astronomers developed a theory of dark matter and structure formation That Explains the properties of clusters and galaxies in the Universe, but the amount of dark matter in the solar neighborhood has remained more mysterious. For decades after Oort's measurement, studies found 3-6 times more dark matter than expected. Then last year new data and a new method CLAIMED far less than expected. The community was left puzzled, believing generally the observations and Analyses That Were not sensitive enough simply to perform a reliable measurement.

In this latest study, the authors are much more confident in their measurement and its uncertainties. This is because they used a state-of-the-art simulation of our Galaxy to test their mass-measuring technique before applying it to real data. This Threw up a number of surprises. They found that standard techniques used over the past 20 years were biased, always tending to underestimate the amount of dark matter. They then devised a new technique unbiased that recovered the correct answer from the simulated data. Applying their technique to the positions and velocities of Thousands of orange K dwarf stars near the Sun, a new measure 

Obtained of the local dark matter density

Lead author Silvia Garbari says: "We are 99% confident that there is dark matter near the Sun. In fact, our favored dark matter density is a little high. There is a 10% chance that this is a statistical fluke merely. But with 90% confidence, we find more dark matter than expected. If future data confirms this high value, the Implications are exciting. It could be the first evidence for a "disc" of dark matter in our Galaxy, as recently predicted by theory and numerical simulations of galaxy formation. Or It Could Be That the dark matter halo of our Galaxy is squashed, boosting the local dark matter density. "

Many physicists are Placing Their Bets on dark matter being a new fundamental particle interacts only very weakly that with Normal matter - but enough to be detected strongly in experiments deep underground where cosmic ray events are confusing screened by over a kilometer of solid rock.

An accurate measure of the local dark matter density is vital for such experiments as co-author Prof. George Lake Explains: "If dark matter is a fundamental particle, particles billions of These Will Have passed through your body by the time your finish reading this article. Experimental physicists hope to capture just a few of these particles each year in experiments like XENON and CDMS currently in operation. Knowing the local properties of dark matter is the key to revealing just what kind of particle it consists of. "