Astronomers still have no idea why they occur in
more or less regular cycles of 11 years. There is, however, a broad
scientific consensus that the entire solar activity, which essentially consists
of various forms of explosions and bursts of sun-grown when the number of
sunspots, and decreases when this number decreases.
Most of the explosions of sunspots belong to a
common variety known as Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). CMEs are clouds of
gas at high temperatures leaving the Sun and Interplanetary Space cross,
creating shock waves that accelerate different particles, mostly protons, in
front of them and resulting in what is known as Proton Storm.
