Titan is the second
largest satellite of the planet in the solar system, taking place after
Ganymede. In this satellite contains about 95% of the mass of all the existing
satellites of Saturn. Titan - the only moon in our system, which has a dense
atmosphere, yet it is only companion, whose surface is almost impossible to see
because of the thick layer of clouds.
The force of gravity on the satellite is
about the seventh part of the Earth's gravity. The pressure that is on
poverhnosti Titan is about 1.6 raze stronger pressure of Earth's atmosphere the
temperature on Titan - 180 ° C. According to the magazine "Market
Leader" Titan - it is the most similar to our planet a celestial body.
Not
long ago, scientists were able to get a shot for the first time outside of the
Earth found the matter which is in the liquid state. In addition, Titan found
the atmosphere, which is similar to Earth's. Earlier this companion already
contacted the sensational discoveries, for example, in 2008 there was found
underground oceans. Not be ruled out that Titan, not Mars, will be our future
abode. Employee’s project called "Cassini" noted extraterrestrial
miniature earth of the Nile - this river valley on Titan stretches more than
400 km, from the beginning to the big sea. For the first time on a celestial
body was found a large river system. At the same fixed with great resolution.
Scientists suggest that the river in the northern polar region of Titan
contains liquid hydrocarbons, as its surface as completely as you can understand
from radar image amazingly smooth. It also confirms the permanence of its
rather dark color.
Jani Radebe, a specialist of Brigham Young University,
located in the United States said that in the river, there are several small
short bends, but in general, the relative straightforwardness of the valley
suggests that it moves one fault, similar to other major rivers that flow into
the southern part of the same sea. Such faults (it's cracked crust of Titan) cannot
have anything to do with plate tectonics, but still lead to the discovery of
some of the pools, and it is possible to the appearance of the giant of the
seas. Titan is also recognized as the only world other than Earth, the surface
of which there is a stable liquid. Hydrological cycle on Earth is based on
water, and it is based on the Titan hydrocarbons, such as methane and ethane.
In the images of the equatorial regions, which were obtained by
"Cassini" in the optical region of the spectrum in 2010, were
discovered regions that were dark with recent rains.
In 2008, infrared and
optical equipment be mapped spectrometer confirmed that in the southern
hemisphere, there is a lake of liquid ethane. Radar picture taken in September
2012 shows the northern polar region of Titan, where there is a river valley that
flows into the sea Kraken; it is the size roughly between the Mediterranean and
Caspian seas. When it comes to the terrestrial Nile, its length is about 6700
km. Phenomenon, which caused his education, cannot be described simply as
follows. Rather will mention that in this case played a role in some regions
razlomy. On Titan have seas, rivers and lakes of ethane and methane, as well as
mountains, which consist of a large amount of ice. Perhaps around a core of
stone, with a diameter of about 3400 km, there are several layers of different
types of ice crystallization and possibly, a layer of liquid. Some scientists
have hypothesized that there is a global subsurface ocean.
Comparison of images
of the "Cassini" for 2005 and 2007 shows that many of the details of
the landscape of Titan were shifted almost 30 kilometers. Since Titan is
constantly turned to Saturn particular party, this shift can be explained by
the fact that the crust of ice separated from the main mass of the satellite
solid liquid layer. Crust shifts can cause circulation of the atmosphere of
Titan, which rotates in a single, east, direction and carries bark along. If
crustal movements are uneven, it will confirm the version of the existence of
the ocean. Perhaps this is an ocean of water, in which ammonia.
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