At Titan's surface may be present in life forms unknown to us

The following month, the NASA spacecraft "Cassini" will make his 126th and final passage by Saturn's largest moon Titan. Over its lifetime, the probe "Cassini" allowed scientists to draw up a detailed map of Titan's geologically active as a celestial body, the surface of which flow rivers of liquid hydrocarbons, which the atmosphere has a complex chemical composition, and under the icy crust are probably hiding a saltwater ocean.

Top 7 striking facts about time

1. Once a year on Earth lasted 486 days, it was about 800 million years ago, before the birth of ancient life in the era of large-scale glaciation of the Earth. Hundreds of millions of years later, in the era of the dinosaurs, the year was reduced to 370 days. He is now, as you know, is 365 days. What is happening? The facts that the Earth rotates more slowly, because it "slows down" lunar gravity.

6 amazing facts about black holes

This is what happens when the universe divides by zero. They arise when the reality shows a critical error: too much material in one place the power of its own gravity and spoils the substance, and the place in which it is located. Usually gravity in our universe is playing the role of a caring older brother who always preterit for younger scattered toys. But in the case of black holes, gravity becomes downright Al Capone, which first convened a meeting the entire fundamental laws of life, and then arranges a real meat grinder with their participation. 

End of the Universe can happen at any time

Last year, the Large Hadron Collider has been defined mass "God particle" - the Higgs boson. Its importance was such that can turn all preconceived ideas about the "strength" of our world - the end of the universe can come at any moment, and the source of the death of the universe may appear at any point. Traditionally, the end of the universe, scientists "suggested" three basic scenarios . And they were all tied to the properties of dark energy - a hypothetical phenomenon through which modern physics explains why our universe is expanding with acceleration. 

Young, hot and blue

The universe is very old - well 13.8 billion years. Our home galaxy, the Milky Way, is also very old - some of their stars bring it to more than 13 billion years (eso0425).

Nevertheless, there is much going on: New objects are created, others are destroyed. In this picture you can see some of the newcomers: young stars that make up the star cluster NGC 2547.

But how young these cosmic youngsters really are? Although her exact age remains uncertain,

Irregular galaxies tend to become disks

​​Through the use of Hubble and Keck telescopes, astronomers have come to a rather startling conclusion about the nature, which is the process of change in the "blue" galaxies. Specifically, it relates to a process of change that takes place in these galaxies has for now as eight billion years - in other words, for the period, which is more than half the age of the universe.

Until now, it was assumed that the disk-shaped galaxy with a classic for these galaxies form, appeared in the universe, in its present form, about 8 billion years ago, and only slightly changed in all that time. 

What occur to the very first stars in the universe?

Most distant and bright supernova, known to scientists today, probably happens in the explosions when the universe was much younger - just after the Big Bang.

What both these unusually bright and slowly fading. These properties are consistent with what is known as a supernova with the pair instability, a rare explosion mechanism, which is expected to occur with massive stars, is substantially free of metals. 

Supernova create radioactive titanium

The most powerful planetary explosions in the universe can throw into the environment of radioactive titanium much more than previously thought: almost 100 times the mass of Earth, according to a new study.

These new findings promise to shed light on the mysterious inner processes in supernovae, and how are the elements that make up everything in our universe from planets to people.

The most powerful stellar explosions called supernovae in the universe, and during the explosions in stars processes run fusion, resulting in the formation of heavy elements.

New Galaxy opens a window into the early universe

A team of astronomers from the "Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins University) stated that this galaxy may well be the most distant ever discovered, according to known as MACS 1149-JD, it gives an idea of the most distant epoch in cosmic history, as the light coming from the faint galaxies shine on, when the universe was only 500 million years - or 3.6% of its current age.

The universe still has a lithium problem.

That's the allegation of a paper in this week's Nature by Researchers from the University of Notre Dame and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Processes just after the Big Bang created ought To Have Certain Amounts of elements Such as hydrogen, helium, and lithium. Astronomers already knew the universe has far less of the isotope lithium-7 than it Should - studies of the old stars that surround the Milky Way

A star cluster has a secret

The ESO La Silla Observatory in Chile shows the stunning globular star cluster Messier 4. This group consists of tens of thousands of antique stars is one of the closest and one of the most studied globular clusters. Recent research has exposed that one of its stars has unusual and surprising properties; apparently it is the secret of eternal youth.

Explosion of galaxy formation lit up early universe

From the South Pole Telescope specify that the birth of the first massive galaxies that lit up the early universe was an explosive event, happening faster and sooner than suspected ending.

Extremely bright, active galaxies and fully illuminated formed the universe by the time it was 750 million years old, or about 13 billion years ago, According to Oliver Zahn, a postdoctoral fellow at the Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics (BCCP) at the University of California, Berkeley, who led the data analysis.

Astronomers first observed dark galaxies in the early universe

Astronomers has observed first dark galaxy, an early stage of galaxy formation, said the European Southern Observatory (ESO) from its headquarters in the German city of Garching, to the south.

Scientists used the long-range telescope (VLT, for its acronym in English) Cerro Paranal Observatory in Chile, which managed to detect these gas-rich galaxies that do not contain stars, noting its brightness when illuminated by light of a quasar.

Astronomers first observed dark galaxies in the early universe

Astronomers have observed first dark galaxy, an early stage of galaxy formation, said the European Southern Observatory (ESO) from its headquarters in the German city of Garching, to the south. The Scientists used the long-range telescope (VLT, for its acronym in English) Cerro Paranal Observatory in Chile, which managed to detect these gas-rich galaxies that do not contain stars, noting its brightness when illuminated by the light of a quasar.

Astronomers first observed dark galaxies in the early universe

The astronomers made a series of very long exposures to detect the weak fluorescent glow of dark galaxies.

The team managed to identify some of the properties of dark galaxies.

Scientists used the long-range telescope at Cerro Paranal Observatory in Chile, which managed to detect gas-rich galaxies that do not contain stars.

Europe sets out to explore the "dark side" of the Universe

The European Space Agency (ESA) has given the green light to the Euclid mission to be launched in 2020 with the aim to study the mysterious dark energy that makes up 73% of the universe. The Euclid mission will feature a 1.2-meter telescope that will nourish a chamber diameter of 576 million pixels with very high resolution images of galaxies 2,000 million, equivalent to the Hubble telescope.

With these data, and using infrared technology, scientists will develop a mapping of large structures in the universe and measure the distance between galaxies captured by the camera.

How do we measure the universe?

The universe is very large may be obvious, but sometimes it is worth remembering: the universe is very big ... if you think about it and ponder for a moment, the truth is not so obvious. Moreover, even really difficult to imagine how big it is.

Our usual measures are wasted when we put them face to face with the immensity that surrounds us. And one of the issues that most often appear when trying to measure the Universe is the same: How? How do astronomers know a star or galaxy is 8,000 million light years away?

What type of Galaxies in the Universe?

There are hundreds of billions Galaxies are huge collections of stars, gas and dust in the universe .Each galaxy may consist of hundreds of billions of stars and other heavenly bodies. In the center of galaxies is where stars are more concentrated. Each body of a galaxy is moving because of the attraction of others. In general there is also a broader movement that makes everything turn around the center together

At the edge of the visible universe

At the edge of the visible universe almost the farthest galaxies are more than 13,000 million light years away. Their light has taken that long to reach us. This means that as we were more than 13,000 million years, only 500 million years after the Big Bang. Therefore, more distant galaxies are also the oldest in the Universe. The most distant galaxy discovered to date is the Abell 1835 IR1916. It is located behind the cluster Abell 1835, in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered in the year 2007 by European scientists. This is 13,200 million light years away and each time more.

The Universe

Galactic survey

At the beginning of the mission, Spitzer will hold a series of imaging surveys in the mid and far infrared. Census Deep and a small region of space, including one centered on the Hubble Deep Field (English) , study the young and distant universe with redshifts of about 5, which corresponds to about 12 billion years.